Shutter-operating mechanism for pipe-organs.



J. T. AUSTIN. SHUTTER OPERATING MECHANISM FOR PIPE DRGANS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 27, 1913.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Patented Mar. 2%, 19M;

LIL

itlvesees J T. AUSTIN.

SHUTTER OPERATING MECHANISM FOR PIPE ORGANS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 27, 1913.

Invento Wimesses J. T. AUSTIN. SHUTTER OPERATING MECHANISM FOR PIPEORGANS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 27, 1913.

\ Patented Mar. 24, 1.914,

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

J. T. AUSTIN.

SHUTTER OPERATING MECHANISM FOR PIPE ORGANS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 27, 1913.

Patented Mar. 24; 1914 4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

UNITED stra'rlzs PATENT OFFICE.

JOHNI. AUSTIN, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOB TO AUSTIN ORG-ANCOMPANY, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF MAINE.

SHUTTEBFOPERAIING MECHANISM FOR PIPE-ORGANS.

Specification of Letters Eatent.

Patented Mar. 24, 1914;.

Application filed May 27, 1913. Serial No'. 770,206.

and by ,which rapidity of operation of the' shutter or shutters isinsured.

.- In the drawings accompanying and forming part of the presentspecification, I have shown in detail one of the several convenientforms of embodiment of the invention which to enable those skilled inthe art to practice the same, will be fully set forth in the followingdescription. I do not restrict myself to this showing; I may departtherefrom iii several respects within the scope of theinvention definedby the claims following "said description.

Referring to said drawingsi Figure'l is a side elevation ofshutter-operating mechanism involving my invention, on side of thepressure-box being removed, any part of the top and a purse being insection Fig. 2 is a cross section on the lines 2 2 of Figs. 1 and 3.Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the bellowscontrolling pneumatics, aportion of the bellows, the magnets associated therewith and certaincooperating devices. Fig.- '4. is a transverse section on the line 44 ofFig. 3. Fig. 5 is a similar View, the'section being on the line 55 ofFig. 3. Fig. 6 is a sectional diagram showing circuit connections, thesection being on the line 5-5 of said Fig.

Figs, 7 and 8 are sectional side elevations of pedal mechanism the partsbeing in different positions. Fig. 9 is a horizontal section on the lineO S of Fig. 7.

Like characters refer to like parts throughout the several figures ofthe drawings which it will be seen are on different:

scales.

In certain. kinds of organs there is pro vided shutter mechanism(consisting of one or more shutters) which is opened to secure what isknown as a swell, and the purpose of the operating mechanism is toeffect the action of said shutter mechanism. Said operating mechanismcan be employed for moving the shutter mechanism in either direct1on,alth0ugh I prefer thtt'tit be utilized for closing the same, saidsin/utter mechanism being openable by a weight or springs. AL though Ishow said operating mechanism as being actuated by pressure, this is notessentlal, as the results can be obtained by exhaust. When pressure isemployed, certain oi the operativeparts are inclosed in a pressurebox as2 into which compressed-air is directed by means of a suitable pump ascommon in this art. This pressure box incloses a b llowsas 3 comprisingthe sections 4., 5, 6, 7" 8 and 9, of progressively increasing capacityand in communication by means of ductsnereinafter described with thepassages 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 respectively formed in the bottom 16of the pressure-box 2 and .extending longitudinally thereof. (See foreXample Figs. 2, 3 and 5). Each of the passages 10 to 15 inclusive isadapted to be alternately connected with the interior of the pressurebox 2 and with the atmosphere and any suitable means may be provided foref-' fecting such results; for instance the means shown and now to bedescribed maybe employed. Below the several passages 10 to 15 inclusive,is a longitudinally-extending chamber or space 17 connected by the port-18 (Fig. 5) with the atmosphere. Connecting each of these passages withthe chamber 17 is a port 19, while connecting said passages with theinterior of the pressure be; 2 is a port 20 each port being controlledby. a valve, the valves for the ports '19 being designated by 21, Whilethose/for the ports 20 are denoted by 22, said pairs of valves 21 and 22as illustrated being rigidly carried by stems 23'.which project throughthe re spective pairs-of ports. In Fig. 5 the be llows section 9 isshown'as expanded or distended, the same statement applying to thebellows section 8, although the other bellows sections 4, 5, 6 and 7 arecontracted. It will be seen in this view that the valve 21 cooperativewith said, section 8, covers its port 19 while the corresponding valve22 uncovers its port 20 thus putting the. bellows section 8 intocommunication with the interior of the prcssure-box2 to cause theexpansion of said-bellows section 8. It will be evidentthatif said valve22 be closed or moved against its seat u'pon the underside -of the port20 and that if said valve 21 be opened the bellows section 8 will be putinto communication with the atmosphere by way of the passage 1%, port19, chamber li' and port 18, so that said section 8 can be collapsed bythe pressure of air in the pressurebox 2. When the bellows section 9 iscut oil from communicatioii with the interior of the pressure box andput into communication with the atmosphere, it will be similarlycontracted. The means shown for operating the pairs of valves 21 and 22will be hereinafter described.

It is not broadly new with me to provide a bellows for effecting theaction of shutter mechanism; 1 am acquainted with a bellows constructionfor the same purpose. In the old organization, the ducts by which air isled into or from the bellows section, are disposed exteriorly of thebellows, which makes quite complex construction. One of the broaderfeatures'of the present invent-ion consis a in locating these ductswithin the bellowiZ, byvirtue of which compactness is secured withoutaffecting in any wise the elliciency of the bellows. It will, therefore,be clear that the bellows can be of any suitable. character so long asthe ducts are disposed within the same, and these duct-s can be eitherutilized for exhausting the sections or for supplying air thereto, themanner in which the bellows is collapsed or contracted being immaterial.I secure the best results by employing bellows, the sections of whichswing and therefore prefer to use this type of bellows as thereby I candispose the ducts, which ordinarily extend from the bottom to ward thetop of the bellows, adjacent or in proximity to thecenters of motion ofthe swinging sections of the bellows, thus providing for a relativelysmall amount of collapse or llexure of said ducts or tubes which wouldnot be the case were the same remote or some distance from said centersof motion.

The bellows-5 comprises in its make-up the stationary bottom 105,(fastened to the bottom of the box 9) the swinging top or leaf 106 andthe live interior swinging members or leaves 107, 108, 109, 110 and 111.Between these leaves and also between the leaf 107 and the bottom arethe spacing strips 112 triangular in cross section and the butts oi theleaves and the-spacing strips are cemented to the rear wall of thebellows,

. by reason of which the leaves are hinged and. can swing as the bellowsexpands and contracts. The bottom or base 105 and leaf 10? present thebottom and top of the lower lJGllGWS :SQCtl I1 4, the leaves 107 and 10Spresenting the bottom. and top of the eellows section. the leaves 108and 1G9 presenting the bottom and top of the bellows section (3,, theleaves 109 and -110 constituting the bottom and top of the bellowsscctioil T the lead 110 and leaf 111 presenting the bottom and top ofthe bellows section 8,

while the leaves 111 and 106 present the bot tom and top of the bellowssection 9. All

the bellows sections except the lowermost one (i) are connected byflexible tubes (for example of leather) with the passages cooperativetherewith, the duct. 113 connecting the-bellows section 1 directly withits appropriate passage. Rising from the remainder of the passages andfastened with in openings in the bottom leaves oft-he bellows sections5, 6, T, S and 9 are tubes ill, 115 116, 117 and 118 respectively, thelower ends of these tubes being fastened in openings 119 intersectingthe passages 11 to 15 cooperative with the bellows sections 5 to 9inclusive. The duct 113 to which I have already referred connects withits passage 10 by a port 120. It will, therefore be clear that theinterior of each bellows section is at all times, in communication witha cooperating passage.v v

The bellows 3 can be connected with the shutter mechanism in anydesirable manner, for example by the means shown and now to bedescribed. In the top of the pressure chamber 2 is an opening Qt inwhich is rigidly fitted the lower enlarged end of the purse 25, the link:26 pivoted at its lower end to an eye' as 27 connected with the top ofthe bellows 3 being inclosed by said purse 25 and extending through theupper end there-- of the connection 28 being joined to the eye 29 at theupper end of said link 26. The upper reduced end of the purse 25 iswrapped closely or in an airti ht manner around the shank of the link 26just below the eye 29. As will be understood. the bellows 3 can becollapsed in stages, six in the present case, although the number is nota matter of consequence. The first stage of collapse issecured theexhaustion of the bellows chamber 9, the second stage by the exhaustionof the bellows chamber 8, and so on, and each time a compartment orsection of the bellows is exhausted, the bellows collapsed therebydrawing downthe link and through the connection causing closing of theshutter mechanism, the maxinnun closure of the shutter mechanism beingcomplished when all sections of the bellows are collapsed. Bysuccessively putting sec tions or compartments of the bellows 3 intocommunication with the interior of the pressure chamber 2, as by openingany one or more of the valves 22, the bellows 3 will be expanded toeffect the opening of the shutter mechanism, the bellows being shown asfully expanded in 1. The extent to which the several sections may beexpamled progressively increases from the mininn range of section to themaximum range at section 9,

Governing each pair of valves (21 22) is a. pneumatie there being ofsuch pncumatics (Fig. 3) denoted by 30, 31, 32, 33, 34 and 35respectively each being adapted as shown for alternate connection withthe interior of the pressure box 2 and the atmosphere, although they arenormally as will hereinafter appear in communication with the interiorof the pressure box. The pneumatics are shown as being of bellows type,the bottom of the pressure box having angular passages denoted by 36 incommunication. with the respective pneumatics or bellows 34. Thepassages 36 intersect the ports 37 respectively opening at their upperends into the interior of the pressure'box 2 and at their lower endsinto the transverse passage 38 connected by the ports or open lugs 39with the chamber 17 to which I have already referred and which it willbe remembered is in uninterrupted communica tion with the atmosphere byway of the port or opening 18. Cooperative with each port 37 is a pairof valves as 40 and 41, the valves 40 being rigid with the stems 42(Fig. 5) while the valves 41 are loose on said stems and cooperativewith collars 43 rigid therewith. Each valve 40 controls the lower end ofa port 37 while the upper valves 41 control the upper ends of 5 thevalve 40 is shown as c osing the port 37, the valve 41 being open, sothat the pneumatic 34 is in'cominumcation with the *interior of thepressure box-2,1) reason of which it can be held expanded to therebymaintain the va1v'e'21 closed and the valve 22 open as already explainedto put the bellows section or compartment 8 in communication with theinterior of the pressure box. If the valve 41 be closed against its seatat the upper end of the port 37 during which it falls away from thecollar 43, the valve 40 will be caused to open'so as to put thepneumatic 34 (Fig. 5) into communication with the atmosphere by way 36,port 37, transverse passage 38, port 39, chamber 17 and port 18 wherebythe compressed air in the pressure box 2 will cause the bellows 34 tocolla se and through suitable connections, to e ect the closing of thevalve 22 and the simultaneous opening of the valve 21. Fast-cued to theupper boards of the respective pneumatics'or bellows 30 to 3:3 inclusiveare strips as 44 perforated to receive the upper ends of the valve stems23 between collars 45 thereon. It follows therefore that when thebellows or pneumatic 34 is collapsed in the manner already described,the stem 23 of the valve mechanism connect cd with said bellows 34 iselevated through the agency of the strips 44 to close the valve .22 andsimultaneously open the valve 21 to put the compartment or bellowssection 8 into communicationwith The atmosphere as already set forth tosecu ne the collapse of the said bellows section and a partial collapseof the bellows 3 as a whole and a corsaid ports. In Fig.

of the passage amount of movement of shutter with thesubstantially-horizontal arms of the elbow or angle levers 54, theapproximately vertical arms of said levers being connected with theinner or movable leaves of the pneumatic-s 47 to 52 inclusive, saidl'evers being fulcrumed at their elbows toa strip 55 fastened by screwsor otherwise to the upper surface of the bottom of the pressure chamber2 interiorly thereof. The ports 53to which I have referred are closed attheir upper ends by caps 56 and between their ends, branch ports 57 and58 lead oppositely therefrom, the port 58 consisting of the openingthrough the sleeve 59- (Figs. 5

and 6). The ports 57 open into the chamber 60 connected by the passage61 with the passage 38 to which I have already referred and which itwillbe remembered has uninterrupted communication with the atmosphere.Controlling the ports 57 are the valves 62, while the pairs beingcarried by stems 64. The diaphragm' valves 63 are held marginally by thewall 46 and strip fastened interiorly -'ings 66 being in directcommunication with the interior of the pressure chamber The diaphragmvalves 63 are disposed opposite the pockets or cavities 67, the ports 68opening into the respective pockets 67. Fittcd in the strip are tubularvalve bers 6-9 with which are cooperative the valves 70 of disk typenormally held closed by compressed air passing through pcrforations 71in the strip 72 fastened to the strip 65. holds these valves 70 closedagainst the tubes tit) and also acts against the diaphragm valves (53 toli'oid the same closed against the ports 58 as illustrated in Fig. 6.

The interiors of the valve seat members (31) are connected with thepassage 73 which opens into the passage 74 (l ig. l) which in turn isconnected by a. passage 75 with the chamber (30 which it will beremembered is in communicution with the will be assumed that a valve 70is operated to move it away from thecoopcral'ing tubular member (39 andto cover a pair of adjacent perforations or ports 71( In this eventdiaphragm valves 63 y control the ports 58, the valves (12 and 63 inseat mem- 1 The air in the pressure box normally I atmosphere. It

I leading from the other terminal p 67 is put into connection with theatmosphere by way of the passage 68, tube 69, passage 73, passage 74,passage 7 5, chamber 60, passage 61, passage 38, ports 39, chamber 17and port 18, the pressure of air being rel'oved on the left side of saiddiaphragmnl lve 63 so that the compressed air passing through the space66 can act against tlieright side of said diaphragm valve and cause itto uncover the port 66 and at the same time cause the valve 62 to coverthe port 57 and to put the passage 53 connected therewith intocommunication with the interior of the pressure chamber 2, so thatcompressed air from said passage 53 can flow into the appropriatepneumatic (any one of those numbered 47 to 52 inclusive) to expand saidpneumatic and thereby cause the same to etlect the closing of the valvell and the opening 01" the valve l and necessarily the putting of thecooperating chan nel 86 into connection with the atmosphere so as topermit of the collapse of the proper pneumatic (one of those numbered toinclusive) by the pressure in the pressure box 2. lVhen said pneumatic(3G to 35) is collapsed the valve 22 and the valve 21 conncctedtherewith are operated, the valve 22 to close its port 20 and the valve2i to uncover its port 19 so that the corresponding bellows section isput into communication with the atmosphere and can be collapsed by thepocket the air in the pressure boX 2 as already set forth. v

In the present case the valves 70 are electrically operated to cause thecontraction of the bellows 3 and the means shown for this purpose mayvary but as shown comprises the horseshoe magnets 76 (six in number) thebranches or poles of which extend through openings in the strip 72 andare opposite the corresponding valves 70 (Figs. 5 and 6).\ said valvesconstituting armatures for said magnets. A, generator such as anelectric battery is shown at 7'3, the conductor 78 (Fig. 6) leading fromone terminal of said battery and being connected. with the contactspring 79, the conductor 80 of the battery and having branches 81extending therefrom and connected with one leg of each of the magnets76, the other legs of the magnets being connected by branch wires 82with the contact springs 83, st, 85, 86, 87 and 88 which are betweentheir ends as is the spring 7 9. in notches in the wooden strip 89fastened by screws to the web 90 (lfig's. 7 and 8) of the pedalmechanism hereinafter particularly described. The circuit controller 91.is connected with the pedal, and it has a permanent electricalconnection with the strip 79 for instance by being slidable through aperforation the-rem, the bowed or tlshaped lower end 92 of the circuitcontrol er 91. having a guid connection with the extension 93 at thelower end of the strip 89. shorter branch of the lJ-shaped portion. 92of the circuit controller or switch 91 is shown as being out of contactwith all of the six strips 83 to SS'inclusive, in View of which none ofthe magnets 76 will be energized. It will be clear that if the circuitcontroller 92 be elevated (as will hereinafter appear by the depressionof the pedal with which said circuit controller is connected) the strips83 to will be successively engaged by the circuit controller 92 to closethe local circuits, the energization of the magnets 76 and the Collapseof the compartments of the bellows in succession.

'Pivotally supported between its ends by the web 90 is the pedal 94. towhich the circuit dontrolling member or switch 91 is pivotally connected(Figs. 7 and 8) so that on the depression of the pedal. from theposition shown in Fig. '7 to that shown in Fi 8 the circuit controllingmember ll will be lifted to close successively the local circuits of theseveral magnets 76. Depending from the toe portion of the pedal 9 is thefin 95 adapted to be embraced by the pads 96 set in a fork 97 at therear of the web 90. thebranches of the fork 97 being perforated toreceive the substantially circular members 98 pressed toward each otherby the bowed spring 99, the free ends of which enter countersinks 100 inthe outer faces of the two members 98 to thus frictionally hold thepedal 94 in any position to which it may be moved.

It is immaterial in what order the sections of the bellows are expandedor con-. 'tracted. It will be assumed that they are expanded commencingwith the lowermost section. In this event they inaugurate theircontraction commencing with the uppermost section.

What l claim is:

1. A bellows in sections and ducts incloscd by the bellows and incommunication with the interiors of the respective scclions thereof.

| l 2. A bellows 1n sections, a pressure box inclosing said bellows.ducts inclosod by the the inbellows and in communication with teriors ofthe respective sections thereof, and mechanism operable at will, forputting said ducts into communication with the interior of the pressurebox or with the atmosphere'.

A bellows in sections comprising hinged munication with the interiors ofsections thereof and inproximity to the hinges of the leaves.

4. A bellows in sections, and flexible ducts inclosed by the bellows andin communication with sections thereof 5. A bellows in sect-ionscomprising hinged leaves, and ducts within the bellows, in com- In Fig.7 theleaves, andjd ucts within and extending from tll ll Qiilginconiinfiiication ivith the interiois of s'ectionsofthe bellows.

6. A bellows in sections, certain of the sections being provided withswinging'bottom leaves having openings, and ducts inclosed by thebellows, a duct being fitted in each opening.

7. A shutter-operating'bellows in sections, means for causing thesuccessive action of the sections of the bellows, said means in cludinga plurality of magnets corresponding in numberand cooperative with saidbellows sections, each magnet being in a branch circuit, and a movablymounted member provided with means for successively closing saidcircuits.

8. A shutter-operating bellows in'sections. 1 means for causing thesuccessive action of 1 the sections (if-the bellows, said means ineluding a plurality of magnets correspondmg in number and cooperativewith said bellows sections, each magnet being in a branch circuit, and apedal provided with means for successively closing said circuits.

9. A shutter-operatingbeldows in sections, means for causing the successive action of the sections of the bellows, said means including aplurality iff magnets correspondmg in number and'cooperative with therespect ye bellows sections, each magnet beinffiin a branch circuit, amovably mounted member provided with means for successively closing saidcircuits, and means for holding said member in a position to which itmay have been moved.

in testimon whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.JOHN T. AUSTIN.

'Witnesses:

JOHN SPENCER CAMP,

Cnas. T. Connrr.

